Alexandre Saudate Blog

Hello! Today, I´m gonna show you a sample on how to develop a contract-first web service in java. To do so, you are gonna need:

• An Apache Tomcat (or any Application Server that is compatible with JAX-WS)
• A JAX-WS runtime (I used the RI, that I got from here – most application servers already have)

Now, as it is a contract-first web service, we need the contract. I used this one:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tns="http://alesaudate.com/webservices" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" name="blog" targetNamespace="http://alesaudate.com/webservices">
  <wsdl:types>
    <xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://alesaudate.com/webservices">
      <xsd:element name="operation">
        <xsd:complexType>
          <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="request" type="xsd:string"/>
          </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
      </xsd:element>
      <xsd:element name="operationResponse">
        <xsd:complexType>
          <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="response" type="xsd:string"/>
          </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
      </xsd:element>
    </xsd:schema>
  </wsdl:types>
  <wsdl:message name="operation">
    <wsdl:part element="tns:operation" name="parameters"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:message name="operationResponse">
    <wsdl:part element="tns:operationResponse" name="parameters"/>
  </wsdl:message>
  <wsdl:portType name="blog">
    <wsdl:operation name="blogOperation">
      <wsdl:input message="tns:operation"/>
      <wsdl:output message="tns:operationResponse"/>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:portType>
  <wsdl:binding name="mySOAPBinding" type="tns:blog">
    <soap:binding style="document" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
    <wsdl:operation name="blogOperation">
      <soap:operation soapAction="http://alesaudate.com/webservices/SampleOperation"/>
      <wsdl:input>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:input>
      <wsdl:output>
        <soap:body use="literal"/>
      </wsdl:output>
    </wsdl:operation>
  </wsdl:binding>
  <wsdl:service name="blogService">
    <wsdl:port binding="tns:mySOAPBinding" name="blogSOAP">
      <soap:address location="http://localhost:8080/WebServices/provider"/>
    </wsdl:port>
  </wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>

Now, we must provide an implementation class (or, how I like to call, where the magic happens =P ). Here is my implementation:

package com.alesaudate.webservices;

import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;
import javax.xml.ws.Provider;
import javax.xml.ws.ServiceMode;
import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceProvider;
import javax.xml.ws.Service.Mode;

@ServiceMode(Mode.MESSAGE)
@WebServiceProvider(portName="blogSOAP", 
		serviceName="blogService",  
		targetNamespace="http://alesaudate.com/webservices", 
		wsdlLocation="WEB-INF/wsdl/blog.wsdl")
public class MySOAPProvider implements Provider<SOAPMessage>{

	@Override
	public SOAPMessage invoke(SOAPMessage request) {
		try {
			request.writeTo(System.out);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
		return request;
	}

}

Please note that this refers to a WEB-INF directory. So, as you may have guessed by now, it MUST run on a web project (.war). Other forms of java files, like .jar or .ear are unable to run this code.

Now, we must provide what I call “the glue”: files that provide the binding. For the RI implementation, we must provide a file called sun-jaxws.xml and place it under the WEB-INF directory. For our project, it has the following structure:

<endpoints
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jax-ws/ri/runtime"
    version="2.0">

    <endpoint
        name="example"
        implementation="com.alesaudate.webservices.MySOAPProvider"
        wsdl="WEB-INF/wsdl/blog.wsdl"
        service="{http://alesaudate.com/webservices}blogService"
        port="{http://alesaudate.com/webservices}blogSOAP"
        url-pattern="/provider" />

</endpoints>

We also need to insert the right entries into web.xml:

<listener>
        <listener-class>com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>provider</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>provider</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/provider</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

The URL pattern, here, is the address where our web service will answer requests and will provide it´s contract.

Having reached this point so far, we need to place JAX-WS lib´s on the common library directory under Tomcat (for application servers like JBoss, you may skip this step).

And that´s all! Accessing the address http://localhost:8080/WebServices/provider?wsdl has shown me the WSDL that I quoted above, how about you?

You may check the code that I used here at the downloads section.

See ya!